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XỬ LÝ NƯỚC THẢI _ AQUAPOLO BRAZIL _ 86.400m3/ngày

10/26/2016
by John Doe

XỬ LÝ NƯỚC THẢI _ AQUAPOLO BRAZIL _ 86.400m3/ngày

Aquapolo Ambiental Water Reuse Project

Overview

Aquapolo Ambiental is a water reuse venture created by Foz do Brasil (Odebrecht Organization) and Sabesp, a Brazilian state-owned utility that provides water and sewage services for residential, commercial, and industrial use in the municipalities of the state of São Paulo. The Aquapolo project was initiated to address new government regulations to restrict industrial use of potable water in São Paulo and is the largest industrial water reuse project in the Southern Hemisphere. Aquapolo will supply the Capuava Petrochemical Complex of Mauá, located in São Paulo’s ABC region, thereby conserving enough drinking water to continuously supply a population of 300,000 people.

The Challenge

To build a treatment plant capable of meeting São Paulo’s pressing demand for industrial reuse water.

The Solution

Koch Membrane Systems, Inc. (KMS), a leading supplier of wastewater treatment systems, provided PURON® membrane bioreactor (MBR) modules as well as MegaMagnum® reverse osmosis (RO) membranes, system design and controls, and after-market support and service for the Aquapolo project. KMS was chosen for its superior technical support and biological design, the availability of MBR and RO pilot plants, its vast experience with water-recycling projects, and ability to meet an extremely accelerated delivery schedule.

KMS conducted a comprehensive feasibility study to identify the most cost-effective strategy to upgrade the existing plant infrastructure and concluded that membrane bioreactor (MBR) technology with a Tertiary Membrane Bioreactor (TMBR) system was the best solution for the new facility.

“Koch Membrane Systems’ willingness to work with us as our technological partner was a key factor in our decision to award them the contract,” said Emyr Diniz Costa, Senior Project Director at Odebrecht. “They offered a comprehensive engineering solution and dedicated extensive pre-engineering man-hours to produce the most reliable design and the state-of-the art technology for our project. The availability of a pilot plant convinced us their solution was the best one.”

 

The Treatment Plant

In total, the Aquapolo project encompasses the construction of new a pretreatment step, installation of a chemical dosing system, and the construction of a 700 lps TMBR utilizing 94,500 m2 of membrane area. The TMBR offers lower operating costs, lower process risk, greenfield design, and negligible interaction with current plant operations and equipment.

The TMBR is a polishing MBR process. It will treat water coming from the existing secondary clarifiers and further treat it in a newly built biological step using membranes as the final separation process. Some of the TMBR effluent will be further treated by RO membranes to meet conductivity goals for water reuse.

The TMBR pilot demonstrated that the submerged membranes benefited from the optimized biological system. Average flux rates of >25 L/m2h were achieved and daily maintenance cleaning was found to enhance the UF performance. Recovery cleaning returned the UF membrane to the original process permeability. A standard RO pilot also was used to simulate the RO design concept of the proposed full scale system for 200 L/s feed water. The pilot trials were setup in three well-defined phases, a simple batch mode, a modified batch mode and a continuous mode. The RO system was able to produce an excellent water quality.

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UK project trials carbon capture at sea to help tackle climate change
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The world is betting heavily on carbon capture — a term that refers to various techniques to stop carbon pollution from being released during industrial processes, or removing existing carbon from the atmosphere, to then lock it up permanently.

The practice is not free of controversy, with some arguing that carbon capture is expensive, unproven and can serve as a distraction from actually reducing carbon emissions. But it is a fast-growing reality: there are at least 628 carbon capture and storage projects in the pipeline around the world, with a 60% year-on-year increase, according to the latest report from the Global CCS (Carbon Capture and Storage) Institute. The market size was just over $3.5 billion in 2024, but is projected to grow to $14.5 billion by 2032, according to Fortune Business Insights.
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Perhaps the most ambitious — and the most expensive — type of carbon capture involves removing carbon dioxide (CO2) directly from the air, although there are just a few such facilities currently in operation worldwide. Some scientists believe that a better option would be to capture carbon from seawater rather than air, because the ocean is the planet’s largest carbon sink, absorbing 25% of all carbon dioxide emissions.

In the UK, where the government in 2023 announced up to ?20 billion ($26.7 billion) in funding to support carbon capture, one such project has taken shape near the English Channel. Called SeaCURE, it aims to find out if sea carbon capture actually works, and if it can be competitive with its air counterpart.

“The reason why sea water holds so much carbon is that when you put CO2 into the water, 99% of it becomes other forms of dissolved carbon that don’t exchange with the atmosphere,” says Paul Halloran, a professor of Ocean and Climate Science at the University of Exeter, who leads the SeaCURE team.

“But it also means it’s very straightforward to take that carbon out of the water.”

Pilot plant
SeaCURE started building a pilot plant about a year ago, at the Weymouth Sea Life Centre on the southern coast of England. Operational for the past few months, it is designed to process 3,000 liters of seawater per minute and remove an estimated 100 tons of CO2 per year.

“We wanted to test the technology in the real environment with real sea water, to identify what problems you hit,” says Halloran, adding that working at a large public aquarium helps because it already has infrastructure to extract seawater and then discharge it back into the ocean.

The carbon that is naturally dissolved in the seawater can be easily converted to CO2 by slightly increasing the acidity of the water. To make it come out, the water is trickled over a large surface area with air blowing over it. “In that process, we can constrict over 90% of the carbon out of that water,” Halloran says.
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