DANH MỤC SẢN PHẨM

XỬ LÝ NƯỚC CẤP _ ABV PROJECT BRAZIL _ 170.000m3/ngày

10/26/2016
bởi John Doe

XỬ LÝ NƯỚC CẤP TỪ NƯỚC SÔNG _ 170.000m3/ngày

Alto da Boa Vista (ABV) drinking water plant in São Paulo, Brazil.

 

Chủ Đầu Tư  : 
Địa điểm dự án : Sao Paulo _ Brazil
Công suất Q = 170.0000 m3/ngàyđêm.
Công nghệ áp dụng   : Công nghệ Màng KOCH PURON HF
Nguồn gốc  : Xử lý nước cấp sinh hoạt từ nước sông
Năm thực hiện : 2015

Koch Membrane Systems PURON® HF Selected for Drinking Water Plant Expansion in São Paulo, Brazil

Published Date: March 12, 2015

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Wilmington, Massachusetts (February, 2015) – Koch Membrane Systems, Inc. (KMS), world-class developer and manufacturer of innovative membranes and membrane filtration systems, announced today that is has been selected to provide its PURON® HF (High Flow) reinforced hollow fiber ultrafiltration system for the expansion of the Alto da Boa Vista (ABV) drinking water plant in São Paulo, Brazil.

ABV is an existing drinking water treatment plant called “ETA Eng. Rodolfo José da Costa e Silva” located in the Alto da Boa Vista neighborhood of São Paulo. The plant produces drinking water using conventional technology (coagulation, flocculation, sedimentation, sand filtration and chlorine disinfection) for a population of more than five million people in the metropolitan area of São Paulo. In 2014, the plant installed and started-up the first ultrafiltration drinking water system in South America which also utilized KMS’ PURON® HF membranes. The new project was initiated to double the treatment capacity of the existing ultrafiltration system from 23 MGD (3600 m3/hr) to 46 MGD (7200 m3/hr).

Raw feed water is drawn from the Guarapiranga Reservoir located approximately 20 km from the treatment plant. During dry seasons when a high concentration of algae is present in the reservoir, water may be drawn from the existing clarifiers as an additional source of supply. The high concentration of algae during these periods has historically posed a challenge for the sand filters, limiting production capacity. The ability of the PURON HF ultrafiltration system to handle high solids loads will help to alleviate this problem.

The benefits of hollow fiber ultrafiltration have been demonstrated at the site through the successful operation of the initial plant which was started-up in a matter of weeks in 2014. As during the first phase, SABESP has contracted with Centroprojekt do Brasil to engineer and install the facility.“Given the ongoing drought conditions in Sao Paulo and other areas of Brazil, the availability of safe drinking water for the growing population is a critical issue for the city and the country as a whole” said Sergio Ribeiro, Commercial Director – South America for Koch Membrane Systems. “At the same time as demand is increasing, so are the requirements for water quality. Concurrently, water treatment facilities are forced to draw on more challenging raw water sources. Given this combination of challenges, the PURON® reinforced hollow fiber with its high solids tolerance and robust operations capability is an ideal solution.”

XỬ LÝ NƯỚC THẢI _ AQUAPOLO BRAZIL _ 86.400m3/ngày

10/26/2016
bởi John Doe

XỬ LÝ NƯỚC THẢI _ AQUAPOLO BRAZIL _ 86.400m3/ngày

 

Chủ Đầu Tư  : 
Địa điểm dự án : Sao Paulo _ Brazil
Công suất Q = 86.4000 m3/ngàyđêm.
Công nghệ áp dụng   : Công nghệ Màng MBR KOCH
Nguồn gốc nước thải : Nước thải sinh hoạt.
Năm thực hiện : 2012

Aquapolo Ambiental Water Reuse Project

Overview

Aquapolo Ambiental is a water reuse venture created by Foz do Brasil (Odebrecht Organization) and Sabesp, a Brazilian state-owned utility that provides water and sewage services for residential, commercial, and industrial use in the municipalities of the state of São Paulo. The Aquapolo project was initiated to address new government regulations to restrict industrial use of potable water in São Paulo and is the largest industrial water reuse project in the Southern Hemisphere. Aquapolo will supply the Capuava Petrochemical Complex of Mauá, located in São Paulo’s ABC region, thereby conserving enough drinking water to continuously supply a population of 300,000 people.

The Challenge

To build a treatment plant capable of meeting São Paulo’s pressing demand for industrial reuse water.

The Solution

Koch Membrane Systems, Inc. (KMS), a leading supplier of wastewater treatment systems, provided PURON® membrane bioreactor (MBR) modules as well as MegaMagnum® reverse osmosis (RO) membranes, system design and controls, and after-market support and service for the Aquapolo project. KMS was chosen for its superior technical support and biological design, the availability of MBR and RO pilot plants, its vast experience with water-recycling projects, and ability to meet an extremely accelerated delivery schedule.

KMS conducted a comprehensive feasibility study to identify the most cost-effective strategy to upgrade the existing plant infrastructure and concluded that membrane bioreactor (MBR) technology with a Tertiary Membrane Bioreactor (TMBR) system was the best solution for the new facility.

“Koch Membrane Systems’ willingness to work with us as our technological partner was a key factor in our decision to award them the contract,” said Emyr Diniz Costa, Senior Project Director at Odebrecht. “They offered a comprehensive engineering solution and dedicated extensive pre-engineering man-hours to produce the most reliable design and the state-of-the art technology for our project. The availability of a pilot plant convinced us their solution was the best one.”

 

The Treatment Plant

In total, the Aquapolo project encompasses the construction of new a pretreatment step, installation of a chemical dosing system, and the construction of a 700 lps TMBR utilizing 94,500 m2 of membrane area. The TMBR offers lower operating costs, lower process risk, greenfield design, and negligible interaction with current plant operations and equipment.

The TMBR is a polishing MBR process. It will treat water coming from the existing secondary clarifiers and further treat it in a newly built biological step using membranes as the final separation process. Some of the TMBR effluent will be further treated by RO membranes to meet conductivity goals for water reuse.

The TMBR pilot demonstrated that the submerged membranes benefited from the optimized biological system. Average flux rates of >25 L/m2h were achieved and daily maintenance cleaning was found to enhance the UF performance. Recovery cleaning returned the UF membrane to the original process permeability. A standard RO pilot also was used to simulate the RO design concept of the proposed full scale system for 200 L/s feed water. The pilot trials were setup in three well-defined phases, a simple batch mode, a modified batch mode and a continuous mode. The RO system was able to produce an excellent water quality.

XỬ LÝ NƯỚC THẢI _ THE GRAND HỒ TRÀM _ 3800m3/ngày

10/26/2016
bởi John Doe

XỬ LÝ NƯỚC THẢI _ THE GRAND HỒ TRÀM _ 3800m3/ngày

 

Chủ Đầu Tư  : The Grand Ho Tram Strip
Địa điểm dự án : Bà Rịa Vũng Tàu
Công suất Q = 3800 m3/ngàyđêm.
Công nghệ áp dụng   : Công nghệ Màng MBR KOCH
Nguồn gốc nước thải : Nước thải sinh hoạt.
Năm thực hiện : 2012

XỬ LÝ NƯỚC THẢI _ KHÁCH SẠN PARK HYATT SÀI GÒN 500m3/ngày

10/26/2016
bởi John Doe

XỬ LÝ NƯỚC THẢI _ KHÁCH SẠN PARK HYATT SÀI GÒN

 CÔNG SUẤT: 500m3/ngày

 

Chủ Đầu Tư  : Khách sạn Park Hyatt Sài Gòn
Địa điểm dự án : Tp. HCM
Công suất Q = 500 m3/ngàyđêm.
Công nghệ áp dụng   : Công nghệ Màng MBR KOCH
Nguồn gốc nước thải : Nước thải sinh hoạt.
Năm thực hiện : 2014

XỬ LÝ NƯỚC THẢI _ LAGUNA LĂNG CÔ _ 2400m3/ngày

10/26/2016
bởi John Doe

XỬ LÝ NƯỚC THẢI _ LAGUNA LĂNG CÔ _ 2400m3/ngày

Chủ Đầu Tư  : Laguna Lăng Cô
Địa điểm dự án : Thừa Thiên Huế
Công suất Q = 2400 m3/ngàyđêm.
Công nghệ áp dụng   : Công nghệ Màng MBR KOCH
Nguồn gốc nước thải : Nước thải sinh hoạt.
Năm thực hiện : 2012

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娛樂城
線上賭場
台灣娛樂城/線上賭場(現金網)的特殊稱呼以及其歷史:

台灣對於線上賭場的特殊稱呼是「娛樂城/線上賭場(現金網)」。這種稱呼的背後有其原因,主要是因為線上賭場在台灣架設及經營是違法的。在早期經營線上博弈被抓的風險非常高,因此業者採用了「娛樂城」這樣的模糊代稱,以規避警方的注意。當時的網絡搜尋引擎尚未普及,這樣的代稱在一定程度上能夠達到避免被發現的效果。

台灣娛樂城/線上賭場的歷史可以分為幾個時期:

1. 網路未興盛時代:
- 現場賭場時期(1980年代):賭博活動主要發生在實體賭場,包括家庭電話上的BB CALL呼叫器、六合彩、大家樂等方式。
- 電銷賭場時期(21世紀):隨著手機的普及,人們開始使用手機進行博弈,主要包括中華職棒簽賭和六合彩等。

2. 線上博弈時期(2013年開始):
- 網際網路普及後,原本的信用版博弈業者開始轉戰線上賭場(娛樂城),開啟了線上博弈的時代。
- 由於在台灣,線上賭場架設和經營是違法的,合法的線上賭場通常選擇在合法的國家進行架設。
- 開設線上賭場主要採用「現金儲值」的方式,以規避法律風險。玩家將現金兌換成賭資,進行投注。

3. 娛樂城商業模式的轉變:
- 早期的娛樂城業者往往將客服人員與金流(出入款)的職責綁在一起,

容易成為執法機關定罪的基礎。
- 現代的娛樂城業者開始將客服人員、金流服務商以及廣告行銷外包,以降低定罪風險。
- 由於遠端工作的普及以及區塊鏈技術的應用,未來娛樂城業者可能更加難以被追查,這也凸顯了博弈產業合法化的必要性。

娛樂城業者面臨的風險主要來自以下幾個方面:

- 架站主機:娛樂城業者通常在合法的國家進行架設,使執法機關難以從此方面下手追查。
- 客服人員:娛樂城業者可能在台灣設立辦公室提供客服服務,這也是執法機關可能進行搜索的目標之一。
- 金流(出入款):娛樂城業者使用人頭帳戶進行金流操作,以規避監管機構的追蹤,但也存在風險。
- 行銷推廣:娛樂城業者需要進行廣告推廣來吸引玩家,行銷推廣方式也可能成為執法機關追查的一環。

娛樂城業者商業模式的轉變也反映了博弈產業的發展趨勢。隨著網路技術的成熟和商業模式的創新,博弈產業可能朝著合法化和監管的方向發展,以確保公信力、保護玩家權益並徵收相應的稅收。
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線上百家樂
百家樂
百家樂(Baccarat)是一種撲克遊戲,也是賭場中常見的賭博遊戲之一。它起源於義大利,在15世紀傳入法國,並在19世紀盛行於英法等地。如今,百家樂是全球各地賭場中受歡迎的賭博遊戲之一,特別是在澳門的賭場中,百家樂賭桌的數量是全球賭場中最多的,下注金額和獲利也佔據著澳門賭場的領導地位。

玩法:
玩家可以下注莊家(Banker)或閒家(Player),並沒有限制。遊戲中使用8副撲克牌,洗牌後放在發派箱中。每局遊戲,莊家和閒家都會收到至少兩張牌,但不超過三張牌。第一和第三張牌發給閒家,第二和第四張牌發給莊家。根據補牌規則,可能需要再發一張牌給莊家或閒家。

點數計算方法:
在百家樂中,撲克牌的點數計算方法是:Ace牌算作1點,2到9的牌按其顯示的點數計算,10、J、Q和K的牌則算作0點(有些賭場可能將10點視為10點)。當所有牌的點數總和超過9時,只計算總數中的個位數。因此,8和9的牌點數總和為7點(8 + 9 = 17)。百家樂只計算撲克牌的個位數值,因此可能的最大點數是9點(例如,一張4和一張5的牌點數總和為9),最小點數是0點,也稱為baccarat(例如,一張10和一張Q的牌點數總和為20,只計算個位數,即0)。

投注:
玩家可以在莊家或閒家上下注,也可以下注和局(即最終點數一樣)。此外,玩家還可以下注莊對子或閒對子(即莊或閒首兩張牌相同)。在澳門的賭場中,還加入了「幸

運六」,玩家可以下注莊或閒是否能以6點取勝。

賠率:
如果下注莊家並且莊家贏,有兩種玩法可以選擇。第一種是買1賠0.95,即需要支付5%的佣金給莊家。第二種是「免佣百家樂」,贏1賠1,但如果莊家以6點取勝,則賠率為1賠0.5。下注閒家並且閒家贏,贏1賠1。下注和局,贏1賠8。下注莊對子或閒對子,贏1賠11。根據澳門賭場的「幸運六」賠率,以兩張牌的6點取勝為贏1賠12,以三張牌的6點取勝為贏1賠20。

機會率:
在百家樂中,下注莊家的期望值只有約1%左右的優勢,和大多數賭場遊戲相比相對較低。

結論
百家樂是一種簡單易懂的賭博遊戲,也是一個非常社交化的遊戲。在百家樂桌上,通常有一名荷官負責發牌和管理遊戲進程。玩家只需要在莊家、閒家或和局中選擇一方下注,然後觀察牌局結果。

百家樂的玩法優勢在於其遊戲節奏快速,且無需玩家做出複雜的決策。遊戲結果完全基於牌的發放和點數計算,使得玩家可以輕鬆參與,無需特別的技巧或策略。

此外,百家樂也因其高投注限制而聞名。在高額賭桌上,玩家可以下注巨額金額,使得這個遊戲成為富豪和高額賭徒的首選。然而,即使在小賭桌上,百家樂仍然吸引著許多玩家,因為它提供了一種緊張刺激的賭博體驗。

百家樂也具有一些特殊的傳統和儀式。例如,在一些賭場中,荷官會使用一把特殊的牌具,稱為百家樂靴(Baccarat Shoe),其中放有多副牌。這種做法旨在提高遊戲的公平性和隨機性。

總的來說,百家樂是一個受歡迎的賭博遊戲,不僅因其簡單易懂的規則,而且因其高投注限制和社交化的特性。無論是在實體賭場還是在網絡賭場,玩家都可以享受到這個刺激的遊戲,並期待著幸運女神的眷顧。
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